![]() ![]() Electromyographic studies have also demonstrated the muscle is involved in phonation by depressing the hyoid bone and underlying larynx. The sternohyoid muscle primarily depresses and fixes the hyoid bone and underlying larynx. The sites of origin of the muscles collectively are the pterygoid hamulus (and occasionally the adjoining posterior margin of the medial pterygoid plate) anteriorly, (the posterior margin of) the pterygomandibular raphe, the posterior extremity. It is thinner than the middle and inferior constrictor muscles. The sternohyoid muscles are innervated by the anterior rami of C1 – C3 (predominantly C2 and C3) through the ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus. The superior constrictor muscle is a quadrilateral, sheet-like muscle. The sternohyoid muscle receives its blood supply from the lingual and superior thyroid arteries. It is superficial to the sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muscles and inserts just medial to the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle on the inferior border of the hyoid bone. The sternohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid “strap” muscles. constrictor, middle pharyngeal, lesser and greater horns of the hyoid bone and the inferior part of the stylohyoid ligament, midline pharyngeal raphe. Some fibers arise from the hyoid bone (the whole length of the greater horn and the posterolateral aspect of the lesser horn), while the remaining fibers arise from the stylohyoid ligament. At their insertion on the hyoid bone the sternohyoid muscles lie edge-to-edge however diverge around the laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple), which protrudes between them. Origin and insertion The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fan-shaped muscle that has two points of origin. The muscles travel vertically to insert on the lower border of the hyoid bone. The sternohyoid muscles are paired muscles that originate from the upper posterior surface of the manubrium and sternoclavicular joints. Specifically, it originates from the stylohyoid ligament as well as from the greater and lesser horns of the hyoid bones. draws the hyoid bone and underlying larynx downwards in phonation and the terminal phase of swallowing The middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle lies directly below the superior pharyngeal constrictor.Morphology of the origin of the muscle at the buccopharyngeal part could be divided into three types: type A, membranous. innervation: anterior rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves through the ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus To clarify the morphologic characteristics of the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle, which plays an important role in swallowing, the gross anatomy of the pterygopharyngeal, buccopharyngeal, mylopharyngeal, and glossopharyngeal parts of the muscle was examined.Cross section Figure 3: Base of the tongue, superior view. The palatoglossus muscle is one of the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue.The paired muscles create ridges of mucous membrane in the lateral pharyngeal wall called the palatoglossal arches (also known as the anterior pillars of the fauces). insertion: lower body of the hyoid bone Print Figure 1: Cross section of pharynx, esophagus, and larynx.origin: posterior surface of manubrium sterni and the sternoclavicular joint.1 As a pharyngeal constrictor muscle, it assists in the swallowing of food (bolus), conveying it downward into the esophagus. Its function is to pull the pharyngeal wall forward and to constrict the pharyngeal diameter. It is innervated by the IX accessory nerve and X vagus via the pharengeal plexus. 2 It is inserted into the median raphe of pharyngeal aponeurosis. muscles have a larger surface of insertion than of origin and decrease in. the pterygopharyngeal part, the buccopharyngeal part, the myolopharyngeal part, and the glossopharyngeal part. posterior portion of the second ventral constrictor has its origin in part in. The superior pharyngeal constrictor is composed of four parts according to origin (pterygomandibular raphe), i.e. The bundle is widest at its origin, narrowing towards its insertion. It is located above the other two pharyngeal constrictors, forming a tube beginning at the pterygomandibular raphe. The risorius muscle arises from the superficial fascia as a bundle of muscle fibers which pass anteriorly to insert into the angle of the mouth. Morphoanatomically, the superior pharyngeal constrictor is relatively thin and pale. The other pharyngeal constrictors are the middle pharyngeal constrictor and the inferior pharyngeal constrictor. Figure 5: Posterior view of pharyngeal muscles. Cross section Figure 3: Base of the tongue, superior view. The superior pharyngeal constrictor is one of the three constrictor muscles of the pharynx. Print Figure 1: Cross section of pharynx, esophagus, and larynx. ( anatomy) The quadrilateral muscle in the pharynx, located superior to other pharyngeal constrictor muscles, arises from the pterygomandibular raphe, and inserts into the median raphe The CP originates from the cricoid anteriorly just posterior to the insertion of the cricothyroid muscles and extends posteriorly to interdigitate with the.
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